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Home >> Toyota >> 2021 >> Highlander LE, 4WD >> Repair and Diagnosis >> Engine Mechanical >> Accessory Drive Belts >> Engine Mechanical System (2GR-FKS) - Service Information (1 Of 2) >> Engine >> On-Vehicle Inspection [12/2019 - 10/2022] >> Procedure

On-Vehicle Inspection [12/2019 - 10/2022]: Procedure

  1. INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT 

    Refer to ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION [12/2019 - 10/2022]

  2. INSPECT ENGINE OIL 

    Refer to ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION [12/2019 - 10/2022]

  3. CHECK BATTERY CONDITION 
  4. INSPECT SPARK PLUG 

    Refer to ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION [12/2019 - 10/2022]

  5. INSPECT AIR CLEANER FILTER ELEMENT SUB-ASSEMBLY 
    1. Remove the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
    2. Visually check that the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly is not damaged or excessively oily.

      HINT: 

      • If there is any dirt or clogs in the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly, clean it with compressed air.
      • If any dirt or clogs remain even after cleaning the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly with compressed air, replace it.
    3. Install the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
  6. INSPECT V-RIBBED BELT 

    Refer to ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION [12/2019 - 10/2022] 

  7. INSPECT V-RIBBED BELT TENSIONER ASSEMBLY 
    1. Remove the V-ribbed belt.

      Refer to REMOVAL [12/2019 - 10/2022]

    2. Turn the V-ribbed belt tensioner assembly clockwise and counterclockwise and check that it turns smoothly and does not catch.

      HINT: 

      If the V-ribbed belt tensioner assembly does not turn smoothly or catches, replace the V-ribbed belt tensioner assembly.

    3. Install the V-ribbed belt.

      Refer to INSTALLATION [12/2019 - 10/2022]

  8. INSPECT VALVE LASH ADJUSTER ASSEMBLY NOISE 
    1. Rev up the engine several times. Check that the engine does not emit unusual noises.
    2. If unusual noises occur, warm up the engine and idle it for 30 minutes or more, then perform the inspection.

      HINT: 

      If any defects or problems are found during the inspection, perform valve lash adjuster assembly inspection.

      Refer to PROCEDURE - Step 2

  9. INSPECT IGNITION TIMING 
    NOTE:
    • Check the ignition timing with the cooling fans off.
    • Turn off all the electrical systems and the A/C.
    • When checking the ignition timing, the transaxle should be in neutral or park.
    1. Start the engine and warm it up.
    2. Monitor Ignition Timing Cylinder #1 of the Data List.

      Powertrain > Engine > Data List 

      Tester Display
      Ignition Timing Cylinder #1

      Standard Ignition Timing

      12 to 24° BTDC at idle

    3. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine speed is increased.
    4. Monitor Ignition Timing Cylinder #1 of the Data List.

      Powertrain > Engine > Active Test 

      Active Test Display
      Activate the TC Terminal
      Data List Display
      Ignition Timing Cylinder #1

      Standard Ignition Timing

      8 to 12° BTDC at idle

  10. INSPECT ENGINE IDLE SPEED 
    NOTE:
    • Check the idle speed with the cooling fans off.
    • Turn off all the electrical systems and the A/C.
    • When checking the idle speed, the transaxle should be in neutral or park.
    1. Start the engine and warm it up.
    2. Read the value displayed on the GTS.

      Powertrain > Engine > Data List 

      Tester Display
      Engine Speed

      Standard Idle Speed

      650 to 750 rpm

  11. INSPECT COMPRESSION 
    NOTE:

    Keep the intake manifold and spark plug holes free of foreign matter when measuring the compression pressure.

    1. Warm up and stop the engine.
    2. Check for DTCs.

      Refer to DTC CHECK / CLEAR [12/2019 - 10/2022]

    3. Remove the 6 spark plugs.

      Refer to REMOVAL [12/2019 - 10/2022]

    4. Disconnect the 2 No. 5 engine wire connectors (for Port Injection).
      NOTE:

      Perform this step in order to stop fuel injection to prevent damage to the catalyst due to unburned fuel.

      GTY885433Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    5. Disconnect the No. 6 engine wire connector and No. 7 engine wire connector (for Direct Injection).
      GTY936571Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      NOTE:

      Perform this step in order to stop fuel injection to prevent damage to the catalyst due to unburned fuel.

    6. GTY885437Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      Check the cylinder compression pressure.

      1. Insert a compression gauge into the spark plug hole.
      2. While cranking the engine, measure the compression pressure.

        Standard Compression Pressure

        1400 kPa (14.3 kgf/cm2 , 203 psi)

        Minimum Compression Pressure

        1050 kPa (10.7 kgf/cm2 , 152 psi)

        Pressure Difference between Each Cylinder

        200 kPa (2.0 kgf/cm2 , 29 psi) or less

        NOTE:
        • Always use a fully charged battery to obtain an engine speed of 250 rpm or more.
        • Inspect all cylinders in the same way.
        • Measure the compression pressure as quickly as possible.
      3. If the cylinder compression is low, pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder through the spark plug hole then inspect the cylinder compression pressure again.

        HINT: 

        • If adding oil increases the compression pressure, the piston rings and/or cylinder bore may be worn or damaged.
        • If the compression pressure stays low, a valve may be stuck or seated improperly, or there may be leaks in the cylinder head gasket.
    7. Connect the No. 6 engine wire connector and No. 7 engine wire connector (for Direct Injection).
    8. Connect the 2 No. 5 engine wire connectors (for Port Injection).
    9. Install the 6 spark plugs.

      Refer to INSTALLATION [12/2019 - 10/2022]

    10. Clear the DTCs.

      Refer to DTC CHECK / CLEAR [12/2019 - 10/2022]

      NOTE:

      After performing the inspection, clear the DTCs and confirm that DTCs are not stored again or that the normal system code is output if using a check wire.

  12. INSPECT CO/HC 

    HINT: 

    This check determines whether or not the idle CO/HC complies with regulations.

    1. Start the engine.
    2. Run the engine speed at 2500 rpm for approximately 180 seconds.
    3. Insert a CO/HC meter testing probe at least 40 cm (1.31 ft.) into the tailpipe during idle.
    4. Immediately check the CO/HC concentration at idle and then at an engine speed of 2500 rpm.

      HINT: 

      When performing a 2 mode test (with the engine idling/running at 2500 rpm), the measurement procedures are determined by applicable local regulations.

      If the CO/HC concentration does not comply with the regulations, perform troubleshooting in the order given below.

      1. Check for DTCs.

        Refer to DTC CHECK / CLEAR [12/2019 - 10/2022]

      2. See the following table for possible causes, then inspect the applicable parts and repair them if necessary.
        CO HC Problem Cause
        Normal High Rough idle
        1. Faulty ignition:
          • Incorrect valve timing
          • Fouled, shorted or improperly gapped spark plugs
        2. Incorrect valve clearance (valve lash adjuster assembly)
        3. Leaks in intake or exhaust valves
        4. Leaks in cylinders
        Low High Rough idle
        (Fluctuating HC reading)
        1. Vacuum leaks:
          • PCV hoses
          • Intake manifold
          • Throttle body with motor assembly
          • Brake booster line
        2. Lean mixture causing misfire
        High High Rough idle
        (Black smoke from exhaust)
        1. Restricted air cleaner filter element sub-assembly
        2. Plugged PCV valve
        3. Faulty SFI system:
          • Fuel pressure regulator assembly
          • Engine coolant temperature sensor
          • Mass air flow meter sub-assembly
          • ECM
          • Fuel injector assemblies
          • Throttle position sensor (built into throttle body with motor assembly)
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